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Background: Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus Willd.) is the most widely used Ayurvedic herb for women's health. Classical texts describe it as a Rasayana, galactagogue and tonic for the female reproductive system, and standardised root extracts are now marketed worldwide for lactation, fertility and menopausal symptoms. Objective: To review the classical descriptions, phytochemistry, experimental pharmacology and clinical evidence for Shatavari in female reproductive health, and to identify gaps in safety and quality data. Methods: Classical texts (Charaka Samhita, Kashyapa Samhita, Bhavaprakasha Nighantu) were reviewed. PubMed was searched up to October 2026 for reviews, experimental studies and clinical trials on Shatavari and female reproduction, lactation and menopause. Each record was checked for retraction status; one retracted perimenopause trial was excluded. Findings were synthesised narratively. Results: Shatavari roots contain steroidal saponins (shatavarins I to VI, especially shatavarin IV), flavonoids and other constituents. Experimental studies suggest oestrogen-like effects on the rat genital tract and mammary gland, antioxidant and adaptogenic activity, and immunomodulation. A recent placebo-controlled trial in 120 postpartum women found greater milk volume at 72 hours with a root extract, although a Cochrane review judged earlier galactagogue evidence to be of very low certainty. Three placebo-controlled trials of 70 to 135 women reported improvement in menopausal symptom scores over eight weeks or more. Evidence for fertility, polycystic ovary syndrome and menstrual disorders is largely preclinical. Conclusion: Shatavari has a coherent classical rationale and growing but still limited clinical support for lactation and menopausal symptoms. Larger, independent, longer trials with chemically standardised products, and specific safety data in pregnancy, are required.