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Introduction: Infertility is a growing global health concern, with male and female factors equally contributing to reproductive challenges. Ayurveda emphasizes the role of Beeja Shuddhi (purity and health of ovum and sperm) as a crucial factor in conception. Classical texts describe the significance of Shuddha Beeja in ensuring healthy fertilization, implantation, and development of the embryo. Methods: This review involved a comprehensive literature search across classical Ayurvedic texts (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya), contemporary Ayurvedic commentaries, and modern scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies published between 2000–2024 focusing on sperm/ovum quality, detoxification approaches, preconception care, and integrative infertility management were included. Both experimental and clinical studies were reviewed. Results: Ayurvedic texts emphasize that Beeja Shuddhi ensures genetic stability, prevents congenital anomalies, and promotes fertility. Therapeutic measures such as Shodhana (detoxification), Rasayana (rejuvenation), dietary interventions, and lifestyle modifications are highlighted as key strategies. Modern studies support that oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation, chromosomal abnormalities, and epigenetic changes in gametes significantly impair conception. Evidence suggests that Panchakarma, herbal formulations like Ashwagandha, Shatavari, Gokshura, and Guduchi, and antioxidant-rich diets improve gamete quality, enhance hormonal regulation, and reduce infertility risk. Discussion: Correlating classical Beeja Shuddhi principles with modern evidence reveals that Ayurvedic approaches align with contemporary concepts of genetic integrity, epigenetic regulation, and gamete health. However, robust clinical trials validating specific therapies remain limited. Conclusion: Beeja Shuddhi plays a pivotal role in conception, bridging ancient wisdom with modern reproductive science. Integrating Ayurvedic detoxification and rejuvenation with evidence-based medicine offers promising prospects in infertility management.

KEYWORDS: Ayurveda, Beeja Shuddhi, conception, infertility, Panchakarma